Research consultancy
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1: Conclusion
In conclusion, all the samples collected (150) from the different local markets in Nakawa division, Kampala indicated the presence (49/150 (32.67%) of at least one of the following antibiotics namely; Oxytetracycline (OTC), Tetracycline, Enrofloxacin, Penicillin G and Chloramphenicol in liver, muscles and gizzard of broilers and the concentration of the antibiotics was high in liver, muscles and gizzard of broilers respectively. Banda and Nakawa markets on the other hand had the highest concentration of antibiotic residues with Luzira and Ntinda having the lowest. Although, the mean concentration of antibiotic residues was within maximum residual limits, the increasing consumption of poultry products with such resistant antibiotics raises public health concerns to the final consumer due to their accumulation in body tissue.
5.2: Recommendations
The lack of knowledge among the poultry brooding and breeding company employees may not have been in position to report the antibiotics usage above the MRLs, which could have underestimated the antibiotic usage reported in this study.
The National Regulating body of Uganda as far as food and drug usage is concerned (NDA) may have had limited manpower and resources to monitor and ensure the acceptable usage dose of antibiotics in poultry production and their withdrawal period.
Improvement in monitoring, educating the farmers, veterinarians and pharmacists on the usage of antibiotics administered to poultry animals and enforcement of the regulations and adhering to the recommended withdrawal period may reduce antibiotic usage in poultry production
The study recommends that stringent measures be employed by the relevant authorities to ensure adherence in application of antibiotics as growth promoters to mitigate the effects that may arise as a result of accumulation and resistance of these antibiotics in poultry or live stocks.
It is recommended that more research be done to establish, quantify, identify and determine other than the established antibiotic residues in poultry products from Nakawa division in Kampala district
Furthermore, it is recommended that more research be done to establish, determine, quantify and identify the antibiotic residues in poultry tissues from different poultry breeding and brooding companies in Uganda.
