CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
This section presents the methodological focus that will guide the researcher. The specific areas will include research design, area of study, sample size, sampling procedure, data collection methods and instruments and data processing and analysis. The section will end with problems to the study.
3.1 Research Design
A descriptive research design will be presented; emphasizing both what is raised in the literature and the opinions of respondents about the barriers of effective ICT integration in primary schools.
3.2 Study Area
The study will be carried out at mityana district. The place is considered ideal because it is a district were students are not passing well and the percentage getting first grade ple is low specifically in namungo.
3.2 Study Population
The study population will include Head teachers, teachers in the primary schools in mityana district namungo. During the study the researcher will sample Head teachers, support staff and teachers.
3.3 Sampling Design
The researcher will use purposive sampling technique. This technique has been chosen by the researcher to save time in selection of Head teachers. While the researcher will use random sampling technique to select teachers, this will be used because it is the best technique for elimination of bias in selection of respondents.
3.4 Sample Size
The sample size will be 30 which will constitute of Head teachers, support staff and teachers this population has been selected because they are belied to have proper information regarding the barriers of effective ICT integration in primary schools.
3.5 Data Collection Instruments
The major instruments for data collection will be questionnaires and interview guide. Surveys will be just one part of a complete data collection and evaluation strategy.
The questionnaire will provide respondents with ample time to comprehend the questions raised and hence, they will be able to answer factually.
3.5.1 Questionnaires
The questionnaire will be used to collect quantitative data. The researcher will administer the questionnaires to Head teachers, and teachers, which will be designed basing on study objectives and questions. Respondents who could read and write will fill the questionnaires themselves. The questionnaires will be close ended and will be considered convenient because they will be administered to the literate and its anonymous nature will fetch unhindered responses.
3.5.2 Interviews
Qualitative data will be collected from the informants using interviews. The interview guide will be structured. The interviews will be held with Head teachers, and take approximately thirty to sixty minutes. These will be noted to be the best tools for getting first-hand information /views, perceptions, feelings and attitudes of respondents. Both formal and informal interviews will be used to get maximum information from the different respondents to participate in the research.
3.6 Reliability and Validity of data
Data analysis in this study will focus on data validity and reliability. To establish the validity of the questions, pre-testing will be done amongst the selected categories of respondents. Their comments will be incorporated in the final instruments to suit the data requirement of the study. The final amended research instruments will be reviewed jointly by the researcher and the supervisor. Reliability will be checked using the test –retest practice advocated for by Amin (2005). In other words, the questions will be put to course mates and their comments noted, they will be then presented to the respondents and their views will be compared with those of the course mates. On receipt of the questionnaires, manual editing will be done, followed by coding. Frequency count of different variables will be done and this will give the number of occurrences and percentages out of total occurrences.
3.7 Sources of Data
Both primary and secondary data will be used. Data will mainly from respondents, district documents accessed, and internet and from the published sources of literature.
3.8.1 Primary Data
Primary data is data obtained from direct contact with respondents, through observation and face-to-face interviews. This data will comprise of all the responses achieved through questionnaires, interviews and observations from respondents.
3.8.2 Secondary data
Secondary data is data which has been collected by individuals or agencies for purposes other than those of a particular research study. It is data developed for some purpose other than for helping to solve the research problem at hand (Bell, 1997). This will comprise of literature related to barriers of effective ICT integration in primary schools in relation to the case study. Secondary data will be sourced because it yields more accurate information than obtained through primary data, and it is also cheaper.
3.9 Data Collection Procedures
Upon receiving the University permission to carry out research, the area of study will be visited for purposes of familiarization. The researcher will seek permission with staff and when allowed, to proceed with research, questionnaires will be issued and interviews carried out with the selected staff. Documentary evidence from both primary and secondary sources of data will be considered; taking into account of what is reported.
3.10 Data Processing and Analysis
Quantitative analysis of raw data will be done. Raw data will take a variety of forms, including measurements, survey responses, and observations. Tabular and percentage calculations will be used to list questionnaire responses. Analysis and interpretation of the raw data will be based on the responses and opinions. Qualitative and Quantitative data analysis techniques will be used to manipulate data during the analysis phase to draw conclusions.
3.10 Limitations of the Study
The researcher may be hampered by the following problems.
The respondents may fear to participate in the study fearing that they may be spied on.
The researcher may not have enough money.
The researcher may be faced by the fact that there is limited time to participate in the study.
