CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
This chapter covers research design, study population& sample size, Sample method & sample procedure, Data sources, Research instruments, data processing, analysis, presentation and limitations.
3.1 Research design
Descriptive research design was used. It was built on descriptive and identified the reasons for the occurrences. It looked for causes and reasons of the current status of the subject in the study. The study used descriptive research design, which utilized both qualitative, and quantitative analysis. The design was suggested because it enabled the research to capture respondents’ views in their own words.
3.2 Target population
The population interest in this study consisted of 1 manager, 14 SACCO members,1 LC1 and 4 loan officers. Other members were from Focus group discussion. Target population was 25. The target population was selected by random sampling, where SACCOs and members were selected and leaving out non members. The researcher choose Nsangi Savings and Cooperative society because of the limited time, prevalence of SACCOs, economic and budgetary constraints, and being a pilot area for all types of business venture initiative in Wakiso District. In addition, Nsangi Sub county has most SACCOs comparatively.
3.3 Sampling size.
The sample size was 25 respondents. The random sampling method was used because sampling is a statistical determination of the appropriate sample size which can be generalized to present the entire target population (Handy 1991) and was computed by a formula for Krejcie and Morgan 1970
3.3.1 Sampling method
Random sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. Respondents were grouped in strata and Stratified random sampling purposive sampling was used in each strata to get the information and simple random sampling was used to limit on the biasness of purposive sampling.
3.3.2 Sampling procedure
Respondents were grouped into strata and purposive sampling was conducted in each strata to get relevant information for the study with out any bias.
Purposive sampling where sample elements were selected by the researcher because of their unique roles they played in providing the necessary information for the study, though selection of respondents, the sample was obtained, the sample provided the necessary data for the purpose of the study.
3.4 Sources of data
The data was obtained from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected from respondents through issue of questionnaires and interviews. Secondary data sources was mainly through a review of previous works in the subject matter with a view to finding out any existing gaps that the research study tried to fill. These secondary sources included information sought from journals and government reports. This method is cheap and time saving.
3.5 Data collection Instruments.
The technique of collecting the data was questionnaires and interview guide. (Structured and unstructured) and the questions will be well examined and make unambiguous. These questionnaires were administered by the researcher himself for purpose of explaining to the respondents the reason for the research and receive appropriate and reliable information from the respondents. The researcher interviewed the respondents which helped to collect data from respondents. Face to face discussions was conducted by researcher together with respondents in order to get the information necessary for the study.
3.6 Data processing, Analysis, and presentation
3.6.1 Data processing
Qualitative data collected was first coded in the coding process, a coding sheet was constructed, and a number was then assigned to each answer in the questionnaire with a corresponding number on the coding sheet.
3.6.2 Data analysis and presentation
Two types of data were collected in this study: Qualitative and quantitative, and two types of statistical analysis were used. The quantitative data analyzed the descriptive statistics, which included frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency like means; while the qualitative data analyze the content analysis. The analyzed data was presented using tables, charts and figures.
3.7 Reliability and Validity of Data
To obtain data free from errors introduced by those responsible for collecting them, it was necessary for the researcher to do pilot/pretest and do constant verifier as the data is being collected. The researcher made checkups to ensure that the data collecting assistants perform their duty honestly and without prejudice. When data is collected, it was examined for completeness, comprehensibility, consistency and reliability. The accuracy of tabulation and accuracy of punching was checked and ensured.
3.8 Scope and Limitations of the Study
Time available for the research was not enough. The researcher had many other important obligations to attend to including exams and course works. However, the researcher ensured that the time available was efficiently used according to the laid out schedule.
Finance is also inadequate, and this will strain the researcher. The ever-increasing transport cost is a big pain for example, stationery, internet and cost of library materials.
Some respondents are likely to give false information in order to please the researcher and this will undermine the reliability of the research findings. However, the researcher carefully and tactfully interacted with respondents and managed to get the data of interest for the study.
