Research consultancy
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
This chapter presents the methodology which consists of the research design, area of study, study population, sample population and selection, sampling technique, data collection method, data quality control, data collection procedures and limitations of the study.
3.1 Research design
The study will use a cross-sectional research design to collect data from across all corners of the population of interest in the study. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches for data collection and analysis will be used in this study supplement each other, and reduce bias in each approach. The approaches will also be used to enable the researcher analyses data from all angles, and give a more concrete and realistic description of the findings. Qualitative approach will in interpreting teachers’ opinions, perceptions, and attitudes towards the use of computer in teaching fine art in secondary schools give a deeper understanding into the problem under investigation.
3.2 Population and area of the study
The study will include the school teachers from different schools in Mubende district who teach fine art. The study will be carried out in eight schools in Mubende district.
3.3 Sampling design
3.3.1 Sample size and number of respondents
The study will target secondary school teachers including; head teachers, fine art teachers and IT staff.
Table: 3.1 showing Sample size of the respondents
| Population Category | Sample size | Sampling technique |
| Head teachers | 8 | Purposive sampling |
| Fine art teachers | 16 | Purposive sampling |
| IT staff | 8 | Purposive sampling |
| Total | 32 |
Source: Primary data
3.3.2 Sampling Techniques
According to (Amin, 2005) sampling involves selecting a sample of the population in such a way that samples of the same size have equal chances of being selected.
The respondents will be selected using purposive sampling techniques. Berg (2006) purposive sampling, the researcher chooses the sample based on where they think would be appropriate for the study. A Purposive sampling technique will be used because it’s cheap.
3.4 Data Collection methods and instruments
The major instruments for data collection will be questionnaires and interview guide. Surveys will just be one part of a complete data collection and evaluation strategy. The major method of data collection for the study will be the survey, which will be done using selected instruments like questionnaires. The questionnaire will provide respondents with ample time to comprehend the questions raised and hence, they will be able to answer factually.
3.4.1 Questionnaires
Self-administered Questionnaire will be designed in a manner that motivates respondents with simple structured questions with the option of providing any addition information to the structured questionnaire as an option to obtain relevant data from them. The researcher will administer the questionnaires to respondents in different schools in Mubende District including, fine art teachers and IT staff. The questionnaires will be structured with both close-ended and open-ended questions. This will be considered convenient because they will be administered to the literate and its anonymous nature will fetch unhindered responses.
3.4.2 Interviews
Qualitative data will be collected from head teachers using interviews. The interview guide will be structured. The interviews will be held with head teachers, and will take approximately thirty to sixty minutes. This will be used since it’s the best tool for getting first-hand information /views, perceptions, feelings and attitudes of respondents. Both formal and informal interviews will be used to get maximum information from respondents.
Unstructured interview guide will be designed and used by the researcher to collect qualitative data from head teachers in Mubende District. The guide will be used to supplement data got from questionnaire and get more clarification on variables under the study.
3.5 Data sources
Source of data will be from both primary and secondary sources.
- Primary data
Primary data will be obtained from the questionnaires administered on the target respondents to gain opinions and practices on the effect of computer software knowledge of teachers on teaching fine art in secondary schools.
- Secondary sources
Secondary data is data which has been collected by individuals or agencies for purposes other than those of a particular research study. It is data developed for some purpose other than for helping to solve the research problem at hand (Bell, 1997). This will comprise of literature related to the effect of computer software knowledge of teachers on teaching fine art in secondary schools in relation to the case study. Secondary data will be sourced because it yields more accurate information than obtained through primary data, and it is also cheaper.
3.6 Data quality, validity and reliability
3.6.1 Data quality
The instrument will be taken to the supervisor to check its correctness there after pretesting study will be carried out to find out if it measures what it is meant to for.
3.6.2 Validity
According to Amin (2005), face, content and construct tests can be done to determine the validity of the instrument. In this study, content and face validity of the questionnaires will be ensured by pre-testing the instrument and consultation with the supervisor; and by use of professionals/experts who will be given the instrument to assess the concept and rate it by trying to measure and determine whether the set items accurately represents the concept under study.
Reliability of an instrument is the consistency of an instrument in measuring what it is intended to measure (Amin, 2005). In order to ensure that the instrument is capable of supplying consistent results, its reliability will be checked using the internal consistency method. This will determine the internal correlation between scores on items within the instrument by pretesting them on a sample of 10 respondents after which some of the questions in the questionnaire will be rephrased and others removed while putting new ones.
Upon receiving the university permission to carry out research, the area of study will be visited for purposes of familiarization. The researcher will seek permission with staff and when allowed, to proceed with research, questionnaires will be issued and interviews carried out with the selected staff. Documentary evidence from both primary and secondary sources of data will be considered; taking into account of what is reported on the effect of computer software knowledge of teachers on teaching fine art in secondary schools.
- Data analysis and presentation
Quantitative analysis of raw data will be done. Raw data will take a variety of forms, including measurements, survey responses, and observations. Tabular and percentage calculations will be used to list questionnaire responses. Analysis and interpretation of the raw data will be based on the responses and opinions. Qualitative and Quantitative data analysis techniques will be used to manipulate data during the analysis phase to draw conclusions. The method will be ideal in providing the theoretical framework which will be central in the construction of the study.
Financial constraint, cash flow May not flow as expected but this will not affect the study. Respondents may delay in filling the questionnaire and some may fear to give information, but they will be persuaded that the information will be kept secret.
The researcher may not get enough time to interview all the respondents but this will not affect the study since the researcher will budget for the time appropriately.
