research methodology

 CONTRACTOR SELECTION CRITERIA AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE:

A CASE OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS AMONG UPE SCHOOLS IN MBARARA DISTRICT

TABLE OF CONTENT

DECLARATION.. i

Approval ii

DEDICATION.. iii

TABLE OF CONTENT. iv

LIST OF TABLES. vi

ABSTRACT. vii

CHAPTER ONE.. 1

GENERAL BACKGROUND.. 1

1.0 Introduction. 1

1.1 Historical background. 1

1.2. Theoretical background. 4

1.3. Conceptual background. 4

1.4. Contextual relationship. 6

1.2 Statement of the Problem.. 7

1.3 Purpose of the Study. 8

1.3.1 Objectives of the Study. 8

1.4 Research Questions. 9

1.5. Hypotheses. 9

1.5. Scope of the Study. 9

1.5.1. Content Scope. 9

1.5.2. Geographical cope. 10

1.5.3. Time Scope. 10

1. 6 Significance of the Study. 10

      Contractor selection. 12

2.0. Introduction. 13

2.1. The Agency Theory. 13

2.2. Empirical Literature Review.. 15

2.2.1. Financial capacities of contractors and Project Performance. 15

2.2.2 Technical capabilities of contractors and Project Performance. 19

2.2.3. Managerial capacities of contractors and Project Performance. 26

CHAPTER THREE.. 34

METHODOLOGY.. 34

3.0 Introduction. 34

3.1 Study design. 34

3.2 Study population. 34

3.3 Sampling. 35

3.4 Sampling Techniques. 35

3.4.1 Simple random sampling technique. 36

3.5 Data Collection techniques. 36

3.5.1 Questionnaire. 36

3.5.2 Interview guide. 36

3.6. Data Processing and Analysis. 37

3.6.1. Quantitative analysis. 37

3.7 Validity and reliability. 38

3.7.1 Validity. 38

3.3: Reliability indices and interpretation. 39

3.8 Ethical considerations. 40

CHAPTER FOUR.. 41

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS. 41

4.1 Introduction. 41

4.2 Response Rate. 41

4.3 Demographic Information of Respondents. 42

4.3.1 Gender of respondents. 42

4.4 Empirical Findings. 44

4.4.1.2 Correlation analysis between contractors’ financial capability and project performance. 48

4.4.2.1 Regression Analysis. 49

4.4.2.2 Model Summary. 49

4.4.2.3 Coefficient of variable. 50

4.5.2 Contractors’ technical ability. 52

4.5.2 Correlation analysis. 56

Table 10: correlation analysis of technical capacity on project performance. 56

4.5.3 Regression Analysis. 57

4.5.4 Coefficient of Variables. 58

4.6.1 correlation analysis between managerial capability and project performance. 63

4.6.2 Model Summary. 65

4.6.3 Coefficient of variables. 66

correlation analysis between managerial capability and project performance. 70

4.9 Model Summary. 72

4.10 Regression Results. 73

CHAPTER FIVE.. 76

SUMMARY, DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND.. 76

RECOMMENDATION.. 76

5.0 Introduction. 76

5.1 Discussion of the findings. 77

5.1.1 Contractors’ financial capability and Project Performance. 77

5.1.3 Contractors managerial capability Project Performance. 82

5.2 Conclusion. 85

5.3 Recommendations of the study. 88

REFERENCES. 92

ppendix 3: Morgan and Kricjie Formula. 95

Appendix 5: QUESTIONAIRE for Contractors. 98

APPENDIX II. 101

Proposed Budget for the Study. 103

Proposed Work Plan. 103

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Response Rate. 41

Table 2: Gender of respondents. 42

Table 3: Age category of respondents. 42

Table 4: Educational level of respondents. 43

Table 5: Contractors financial capability. 45

Table 6: Correlation of contractors financial capacity and project performance. 48

Table 7: Model summary of contactors financial capacity on project performance. 49

Table 8: coefficient of variable on financial capacity and project performance. 50

Table 9: Contractors’ technical ability and project performance. 52

Table 10: correlation analysis of technical capacity on project performance. 56

Table 11: Model summary on contractors technical capacity on project performance. 57

Table 12: Coefficient of variables of contractors technical capacity on project performance. 58

Table 13: Contractors’ managerial capability. 60

ABSTRACT

The topic of study was contractor selection criteria and project performance, a case of construction projects among UPE schools in Mbarara district. The study was guided by the following objectives, to examine the relationship between contractors’ financial capability and project performance among, to examine the relationship between contractors’ technical ability and project performance among and to examine the relationship between contractors’ managerial capability and project performance among. The study was done in 36 projects that were selected from the total of 40 projects all in the UPE schools in Mbarara district; the study used a cross-sectional research design as data collection tool, selected using purposive and random sampling techniques.

The study findings indicated that the correlation coefficient of 0.469 suggests a moderate positive linear relationship between financial capacity and project performance more to that the P-value 0.004 <0.05 indicates that there is a statistically significant relationship between Financial capacity and project performance. the study also further indicated that the P-value 0.033<0.05, indicates that there is a statistically significant relationship between technical capacity and project performance. The Pearson correlation coefficient 0.356 further indicates that there is a moderate positive significant relationship between technical capacity and project performance and lastly a positive correlation coefficient (0.311) suggests a positive linear relationship between managerial capability and project performance. The study results indicate that contractor’s financial capabilities, particularly in meeting short-term financial obligations and utilizing current assets are essential in enhancing the capability of the organization and further for the contractor’s to enhance performance of the organization there is need technical team competence, equipment efficiency, client relationships, and local area familiarity. The study also recommends that there is need to enhance communication, address financial obligations, engage stakeholders, and strengthen managerial capabilities for a contractor. It suggests improving transparency on financial autonomy and borrowed funds, monitoring short-term obligations, and involving stakeholders in decision-making.

CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL BACKGROUND

1.0 Introduction

The question of contractor selection for project delivery is a highly contested debate across the globe. Aje et al. (2009) noted that choosing an experienced contractor is paramount to the performance of the construction project. Mulumba (2016) further explains that the choice of the right contractor strongly affects successful completion of construction works. Construction industries vary in terms of their process of bid evaluation based on the countries they operate in and the environment that industry offers. The process of contractor selection and bid evaluation is reliant on differing decision criteria based on geographic location (Akcay & Manisali, 2018). Research conducted in different construction industries reveals the existence of various decision criteria when it comes to choosing an appropriate contractor. This present study seeks to examine the relationship between contractor selection and project performance in UPE schools in Mbarara district. The section presents the background to the study, the problem statement, objectives of the study, study scope, significance of the study, and conceptual framework.

1.1 Historical background

Construction projects typically involve a high degree of complexity. In the theory, complexity is understood as the number and heterogeneity of different interrelated elements (Burke and Morley, 2016). Taking into consideration that construction projects 1) involve a high number of stakeholders, are 2) subject of frequent change orders, 3) of a long-term nature, and 4) affected by various influencing factors such as location, inflation, schedule targets, constrained budget, etc., it is difficult to understand, foresee and keep the under control (Vidal et al., 2011; Vařbuchta et al., 2017; Kermanshachi and Safapour, 2019). In order to cope with the project complexity, the project itself should be supported with good-quality technical, economic, and contractual documentation. Unfortunately, many projects suffer from disputes between the parties involved, leading up to adverse consequences such as significant delays, loss of quality in follow-up work, or lack of future cooperation (Lu et al., 2015).

Noor et al., (2018) believe that the choice of a contractor is one of the challenging decisions in the tendering process and it has an implication of the Project Performance. However the concept of contractor selection has been practiced since early civilization. Until 1900, procurement projects have been managed by creative architects and engineers themselves, among these for example, Vitruvius (1st century before Christ), Christopher Wren (1632-1723), Thomas Telford (1757-1834) and Islamabad Kingdom Brunel (1806-1859). It was in the 1950’s that organizations started to systematically apply contract management tools and techniques to complex engineering projects (Woo et al., 2017). Project performance is a relatively new trend in the public sector in many countries most especially in developing countries. Emphasis on project performance started in early 2000’s, driven by government’s accountability to citizens for the decisions taken and to ensure that public goods are delivered according to the citizen’s expectations (International Development Enhancement Agency, December 2018).

Studies done on contractor selection presents contrasting practices compared to what is in the developing countries. For instance, Case scenario in Australia, indicates that Watt et al. (2010) cited in Woo et al., 2017) identified and classified criteria employed to evaluate bids and contractors’ selection among Australian employers. It was found that contractors were categorized according to working capacity, financial status, health, safety and the environment, key personnel of the company location, skills in project management, social and political standards, organizational experiences, performance in previous projects, company reputation, offered price, quality control, employer and contractor relationships, technical skills and the proposed method(Watt et.al, 2010). Zavadskas et al. (2020) examined the contractor selection of construction in a competitive environment in Lithuania, a country in Europe and found that the selection of contractor can be with different risk level, and therefore, Hodges-Lehmann rule will allow stakeholders to select contractor taking into account different risk levels.

In South Africa, Contractor selection is a critical activity that plays a vital role in the overall success of any construction project (Palaneeswaran, 2016). Among all factors that may affect the selection of a contractor, cost or price consideration has for a long time been the main evaluation factor (Huang, 2011). Although the public sector has a long history of using the lowest bid as the award criterion for contracts, reliance on non-price criteria is increasing (Waara and Bröchner, 2016) and the best or most economically advantageous tender is becoming a widespread approach for contractor selection.

In Egypt, Salama et al.,(2017) investigated the criteria for contractors’ selection and bid evaluation in Egypt, and also provided critical discussion on the laws and regulations in Egypt, and concluded with a list of recommendations that aims at guiding practitioners and planning authorities to enhance the current practice. Alemu(2019) assessed the contractors’ qualification criteria in Ethiopia federal road project tender practices and revealed that qualification criteria UPEd are not following any standard and did not consider the size of projects in the subject and that the qualification criteria are wide open to be manipulated by the employer. Singh and Tiong (2017)] studied the contractor selection criteria by investigating the opinions of Singapore construction practitioners. Their results reflected that though the respondents share some degree of commonality with respect to the relevance of the contractor selection criteria, their decision-making preferences during the selection process are context specific.

1.2. Theoretical background

Borrowing from the Agency theory by Eisenhardt (1989), it proposes that, a contract between the government and a contractor reflects a principal-agent relationship. The principal (government) contracts with the agent (contractor) to perform some level of effort, such as construction of schools on behalf of government which is eminent in this current study.  In this relationship, the government’s objectives include obtaining the product or service at the right quality, right quantity, right source, right time, and at the right price (Lee & Dobler, 1971). The government also has the additional objective of ensuring the product or service is procured in accordance with public policy and statutory requirements (FAR, 2010). Contractors, on the other hand pursue the objectives of earning a profit, ensuring company growth, maintaining or increasing market share, and improving cash flow, just to name a few. Because of the different and conflicting objectives between the principal and agent, each party is motivated and incentivized to behave in a certain manner. This behavior includes either withholding or sharing information. In principal-agent relationships that involve higher levels of uncertainty, which result in higher risk (such as developing an advanced technology weapon system), the information available to the government and contractor is typically asymmetrical. This study will borrow this lens of analysis to examine the project performance at Mbarara district local government and thus the relationship between the contractors will be viewed from principal-agent relationship.

1.3. Conceptual background

The study conceptualizes here contractor selection as an independent variable while; project performance in this study was conceptualized as dependent variables. Alhazmi & McCaffer (2000) argue that the successful completion of a construction project is directly impacted by the selection of a suitable constructor. Contractor selection is the process of choosing the most appropriate contractor to execute the project under consideration (Hamouda, H, 2015). However, Ahmed (2019) produced a tabulation of criteria for the selection of main contractors and these includes, and these includes; Financial stability, background of the company, Technical capacity, Cost Performance, Standard of quality, Occupational health and safety, Time performance, Management capability and others. Essentially, construction projects are carried out through a tendering process where the client selects a suitable contractor to execute the project. Since both the clients and contractors are involved in a project hence they together  are believed to be responsible for successful delivery of the project but Adnan et al. (2012) claimed that  when any misshape transpires in the project delivery, often the contractors are held responsible. This study will focus on measuring the contractor selection on three dimensions that is financial capabilities, technical ability and management capacities.

Further, Alzahrani and Emsley (2017) favor the claim and pointed out that since contractors involved from execution stage until completion. So, the success of a project is heavily depended on them. In relation to this, Cheung et al. (2018) and Xiao, H., & Proverbs (2020) reaffirm that the contractor background of the company influences the performance of the project such as delivery on time. Likewise, Tawil et al. (2017) proved that the root causes of delay in a project are attributed by contractor include; working capital problem, poor planning, poor site management, and inadequate experience. Abdelnaser Omran and Gebril (2017) also believe that overruns of time and cost are closely related to contractor attributes such as inadequate technical and financial background and experience etc. Looking at these shreds of evidence, the construction project has the majority of issues with the incapable contractor. So, the selection of a potential contractor in the construction sector during the tendering phase must involve the correct decision. The right choice of its selection is subject to its capability assessment like technical, commercial, economic, social and environmental and other parameters, called multi-criteria selection.

Alaghbari, W (2016) classified the criteria into technical, financial, and organizational abilities, whereas Al Zubaidi, H et al (2015) merged all the criteria into two categories, i.e., the first contains price and financial stability and the second contains the remaining factors (e.g., experience, staff, equipment, safety, managerial abilities, quality, and past performance). Huang (2011) mentioned in an article that past projects’ characteristics, past failures in completed projects, number of years in construction, and past client relationships are best classified into current projects and backlog classification; however, many of this present study adopts contract technical capability, financial ability and contractor managerial abilities are contractor selection criterions to measure Project Performance of the UPE schools in Mbarara district. However, the study conceptualizes contractor construction performance as dependence variables which will be measured using Time, Customer satisfaction, Quality, cost.

1.4. Contextual relationship

Project performance in construction works are normally affected by the way of selecting the contractors to do the work and it influences decision that influence project progress and success. Improper selection of contractors may lead to problems such as bad quality of work and delay in project duration (Orkun. A & Alptekin, N, 2017). Mbarara district local government has been undertaking construction works in the UPE schools in the district in order to improve the  Project performance of the UPE programme in the schools(Mbarara District Local government Department, 2021).Among these projects include the construction of classroom blocks, staff houses, latrines water tanks etc.

Meanwhile, Muhwezi, et al., (2013) observed that wastage in construction extends to labor, time, capital and environmental factors. Ssemwogerere (2018) also observed that delay in completion of projects in Uganda is a big problem, as it is in the construction industry worldwide. Delays impact directly on contractors and clients alike because these participants incur extra costs since delays always end up in increased project cost. Additionally, the client faces revenue loss from delayed project completion (Ghenbasha, et al., 2016). Based on the above analysis, it is evident that numerous studies have tried to examine contractor selection and project performance from the perspective of other sectors, and more so focus has been paid on huge government projects with little attention to the local government projects.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

In the process of selecting contractors for construction projects among UPE (Universal Primary Education) schools in Mbarara District, though the PPDA ACT, 2003 clear indicates the procurement procedures, PPDA Report, (2021) Indicates that procurement procedures are not followed in many instances and there is lack of a comprehensive and standardized set of criteria, leading to challenges in project performance and overall quality of infrastructure development in Mbarara district. The absence of clear contractor selection criteria contributes to inconsistent project outcomes, delays in completion, cost overruns, and subpar construction quality within UPE schools in Mbarara District. This lack of a structured approach in selecting contractors has resulted in dissatisfaction among stakeholders, including school administrators, local government authorities, and the community at large (PPDA, 2020), Moreover, the current system overlooks crucial factors such as contractor experience, financial capability, technical expertise, compliance with safety standards, and adherence to project timelines. Consequently, this has led to instances of poor workmanship, material wastage, contractual disputes, and the need for costly project rectifications post-construction. However, most of these projects have registered under performance with delays as most of the projects have stalled for years without completion causing clients dissatisfaction about these projects. Some of the projects that have been initiated by the district local government and have not been completed include; the construction of a two-classroom block at Rukanja Primary school and a three (3) unit staff house at Rwamuhigi Primary school, both located in Rubindi Sub-county at UGX 145 million, Construction of a two-classroom block and a five stance pit latrine at Nyakayojo II Primary school in Rwanyamahembe sub-county, at UGX 101 million(Twesigye,2011), Given these challenges, there is a pressing need to establish a robust and transparent contractor selection process that considers a comprehensive set of criteria aligned with project goals, budget constraints, and quality standards. This will not only improve project performance and reduce risks but also enhance the overall learning environment and infrastructure sustainability within UPE schools in Mbarara District.

1.3 Purpose of the Study

To purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between contractor Selection Criteria and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District.

1.3.1 Objectives of the Study

This Study was guided by the following specific objectives:

1. To examine the relationship between contractors’ financial capability and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District.
2. To assess the relationship between contractors’ technical ability and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District.

3. To Investigate the relationship between contractors’ managerial capability and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District.

1.4 Research Questions

The research questions were formulated to answer the objectives of the Study as follows:

1. What is the relationship between contractor financial capability and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District?
2. What is the relationship between contractor technical ability and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District?
3. What is the relationship between contractors’ managerial capability and Project Performance among UPE Schools in Mbarara District?

1.5. Hypotheses

1. There is a significant positive relationship between contractors’ financial capability and Project Performance Among UPE Schools in Mbarara District
2. There is a positive significant relationship between contractors’ technical ability and Project Performance Among UPE Schools in Mbarara District
3. There is a positive significant relationship between contractors’ managerial capability and Project Performance Among UPE Schools in Mbarara District

1.5. Scope of the Study

1.5.1. Content Scope

This study specifically examined how contractor Selection Criteria affects or determines the Project Performance among the UPE schools in Mbarara district. The study specifically examined the relations between financial capacities, technical abilities and managerial capabilities of the contractors in relation to the Project Performance in UPE schools in Mbarara district.

1.5.2. Geographical cope

Geographically, the study was done in Mbarara district which is located in Western Uganda, Ankole Sub region. The district lies along Kampala, Masaka-Kabale high way, next to Lake Mburo National Park. Mbarara District has 6 sub-county that is Rubindi, Bubaare, Bikiro, kashare,kangongi and Rubaya sub-county with five town Council of Bwizibwera, Rutooma, Rwanyamahembe, Bikiro, Rubindi and Nyabisirira Town Council.

1.5.3. Time Scope

From the FY 2016/17, the government had invested a lot in the construction projects in the government aided schools in order to improve the quality of UPE programme in the area and most of these projects were to be completed by 2018/2019 FY. However, these construction projects have had several challenges evident in the quality of construction works, delays, and so on. As such, the community has continued to raise queries over the works of the selected contractors in the district. Therefore, this study was particularly focused on the period between 2017-2022 to examine how the question of contractor selection criteria has affected the Project Performance among the UPE schools in Mbarara district.

1. 6 Significance of the Study

The study will generate knowledge on the indicators of contractor selection in the district particularly how the financial capacities, technical and managerial abilities of the contractor can influence or determine the Project Performance in the district.

The overall findings of this study will guide the district in making process of the district authorities while awarding tenders to the contractor’s verses project outcome.

This information will also guide the user department, local communities and other stakeholders to seek for accountability from the local authorities and contractors on the quality of services provided in the district.

The findings in this study will help in informing policy development on the subject matter that will in turn help project guidance to professionals involved in construction projects in Uganda

1.7. Conceptual framework

A general conceptual framework model will provide basic guidelines to scholars and academicians as it will act as a source of reference for future researchers who may be interested in carrying out a similar study.

Fig 1; Conceptual framework illustrating the relationship between contractor selection Criteria and project performance

Source: Adapted and modified from Maqsoom et al.(2018), Eriksson &Westerberg,(2010,) Ngacho & Das, (2015), Idrus et al. (2011)and Takim& Akintoye (2002)   

Figure 1 indicated that the independent variables: Contractor selection Criteria affects the Dependent variable of project Performance. It indicates that Contractor selection Criteria have impact on project performance which is measured by time, cost, and quality and customer satisfaction.

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ppendix 3: Morgan and Kricjie Formula

Appendix 4: CONSENT FORM

Title of the Research Project: Contractor selection criteria and Project Performance among the UPE schools in Mbarara District:

I am TURYAKIRA Shibah, a student of Degree of Master of Science in Procurement and supply chain management from Kyambogo University, Kampala. I seek to find out the effects of Contractor selection criteria and Project Performance among the UPE schools in Mbarara District:  The study seeks to specifically examine the relationship between contractor financial capability and performance of the construction projects; Contractor technical ability and Project PerformanceAmong UPE Schools; and contractors’ managerial capability and Project PerformanceAmong UPE Schools in Mbarara District?

Consent to Participate in the Study

I ……………………………………………… voluntarily agrees to take part in this study. I understand that even if I agree to participate now, I can withdraw at any time or refuse to answer any question without any consequences of any kind.

I understand that I can withdraw permission to use data from my interview within two weeks after the interview, in which case the material will be deleted. I have had the purpose and nature of the study explained to me in writing and I have had the opportunity to ask questions about the study.

I understand that participation involves discussion of the area of the subject, giving my opinion without victimization by any one.  I understand that I will not benefit directly and indirectly from participating in this research. I agree to my interview being audio-recorded. I understand that all information I provide for this study will be treated confidentially.

I understand that in any report on the results of this research my identity will remain anonymous. This will be done by changing my name and disguising any details of my interview which may reveal my identity or the identity of people I speak about.

I understand that disguised extracts from my interview may be quoted in dissertation, conference presentation, published papers, etc. I understand that under freedom of information legalization, I am entitled to access the information I have provided at any time while it is in storage as specified above.

I understand that I am free to contact any of the people involved in the research to seek further clarification and information.

Signature of research participant ………………………………Date ……………………………………

Appendix 5: QUESTIONAIRE for Contractors

PART A: RESPONDENTS BIO-DATA (A)

1. Gender:  Male           Female
2. Age range: 20-29 years     30-39 years       40-49 years    50- above years

• What level of education have you completed?

1. Bachelors   Masters  PHD   Others (please specify) …….
2. Project under implementation……………………
3. How many years have you spent implementing this project?

• Less than 1 year 1 – 3 years    4 – 6 years  7 – 10 years    More than 10 years

PART B: CONTRACTOR FINANCIAL CAPABILITY AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE

What is your level of agreement with the following statements that relate to Contractor financial capability and Project performance in Mbarara district? Use a scale of 1-5 (1- Strongly Disagree; 2-Disagree; 3-Neutral; 4- Agree; 5- Strongly Agree)?

PART C: CONTRACTOR TECHNICAL ABILITY AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE

What is your level of agreement with the following statements that relate to Contractor Technical ability and performance of construction projects in Mbarara district? Use a scale of 1-5 (1- Strongly Disagree; 2-Disagree; 3-Neutral; 4- Agree; 5- Strongly Agree)

PART D: CONTRACTORS MANAGERIAL CAPABILITY AND PROJECT PERFORMANCE

What is your level of agreement with the following statements that relate to Contractor Managerial capability and performance of construction projects in Mbarara district? Use a scale of 1-5 (1- Strongly Disagree; 2-Disagree; 3-Neutral; 4- Agree; 5- Strongly Agree)

PART E. PROJECT PERFORMANCE

What is your level of agreement with the following statements that relate to Project Performance in Mbarara district? Use a scale of 1-5 (1- Strongly Disagree; 2-Disagree; 3-Neutral; 4- Agree; 5- Strongly Agree)?

APPENDIX II: INTERVIEW GUIDE

Dear respondent,

The interview I am conducting relates to a study titled “Contractor selection criteria and Project Performance among the UPE schools in Mbarara District”. You have been selected to share with us your experience and make this study successful.     The interview I am conducting is basically aimed at obtaining qualitative information and the information given will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

1. What is your take on the contractor’s capacity to honor short-term financial obligations?
2. What is your perception regarding the contractor’s capacity to honor short-term financial obligations using the liquidity of current assets?
3. Of what importance is for the contractor to have the capacity for immediate liquidity to cover short-term commitments?
4. Is it imperative for the contractor to have financial autonomy which measures the company’s solvency?
5. How does the use borrowed funds for the project affect the contract?
6. Is it imperative for the contractor to have well-audited financial records?
7. How important is it for the contractor to have wider experience in the construction industry?
8. What is the influence of the contractor’s well-trained technical team in project delivery?
9. Is it imperative for the contractor to have quality management system, compliance with quality standards, and quality control policy?
10. Of what importance is for the contractor is able to plan for activities before implementation.
11. Risk management is done and factored throughout the implementation process.
12. The contractor has good record systems for the project implementation.
13. There is effective and efficient communication from the contracted team.

Thanks for your time and information.

Proposed Budget for the Study

Proposed Work Plan