Research proposal sample

THE IMPACT OF EARLY MARRIAGE ON THE LIVES OF GIRLS IN OIL-RICH AREAS OF BULIISA DISTRICT

CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.0 Introduction

This chapter provides an overview of the study, including the background, problem statement, objectives, research questions, scope, significance, justification, and definition of key concepts.

1.1 Background to the Study

Child marriage is a global human rights violation that hinders social and economic development. Rooted in gender inequality, it reflects the low societal value placed on girls and women. Defined as any union involving individuals under 18, child marriage disproportionately affects girls, with over 140 million girls expected to marry early in the next decade if current trends persist (UNICEF, 2014).

The discovery of oil in developing nations often sparks optimism due to anticipated economic benefits. However, oil-rich areas frequently face challenges such as poverty and social inequality. Globally, over 700 million women were married before 18, with 15 million girls marrying annually, primarily in developing countries. Child marriage not only violates human rights but also perpetuates gender inequality, limiting opportunities for girls and their children.

Research by the International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) and the World Bank highlights the economic costs of child marriage, including impacts on fertility, education, and health. By 2030, child marriage could cost developing countries trillions of dollars, undermining efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

In Sub-Saharan Africa, 40% of women aged 20-24 were married before 18, making early marriage a significant regional issue. While North Africa has seen progress in delaying marriage and improving girls’ education, Sub-Saharan Africa continues to struggle with high fertility rates, poverty, and cultural practices that perpetuate early marriage.

The discovery of oil in Uganda, particularly in Buliisa District, has raised expectations of economic improvement. However, the reality has been mixed, with challenges such as poverty and unemployment persisting. This study investigates the impact of early marriage on girls in oil-rich areas of Buliisa District, exploring the causes, effects, and potential solutions to this harmful practice.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Oil discovery often brings hope for economic development, but it can also lead to social and economic challenges. In Buliisa District, the discovery of oil has not alleviated poverty or unemployment, leading some families to marry off their daughters early. This study examines the impact of early marriage on girls in oil-rich areas of Buliisa, focusing on the causes, challenges, and strategies to address the issue.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1.3.1 General Objective

To examine the impact of early marriage on girls in oil-rich areas of Buliisa District.

1.3.2 Specific Objectives

To identify the causes of early marriage in Buliisa.
To assess the challenges faced by girls married early and their families.
To explore strategies to end early marriage in Buliisa.

1.4 Research Questions

What are the causes of early marriage in Buliisa?
What challenges do girls married early face?
What strategies can be implemented to end early marriage?

1.5 Scope of the Study

1.5.1 Geographical Scope

The study focuses on Buliisa District, specifically Biso Subcounty, where oil was discovered.

1.5.2 Content Scope

The study examines the causes of early marriage, its effects on girls, and strategies to prevent it.

1.5.3 Time Scope

The study covers the period from 2006 to 2019, marking the discovery of oil and the creation of Buliisa District.

1.6 Conceptual Framework

The framework explores the relationship between early marriage (independent variable) and its impact on girls (dependent variable). Factors such as poverty, cultural beliefs, and bride price influence early marriage, leading to outcomes like lack of education, health risks, and limited opportunities. Intervening variables include environmental factors, parental guidance, and government policies.

1.7 Significance of the Study

Government of Uganda: The study will inform policymakers about the challenges of early marriage and guide interventions.
Society: It will raise awareness about the causes and consequences of early marriage.
Academia: The study will contribute to strategies for ending early marriage.

1.8 Operational Definitions

Early Marriage: Any marriage involving individuals under 18 years of age.

CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.0 Introduction

This chapter reviews existing literature on early marriage, focusing on its causes, effects, and strategies for prevention.

2.1 Causes of Early Marriage

Early marriage is driven by factors such as poverty, cultural norms, and economic transactions like bride price. In Sub-Saharan Africa, poverty and gender inequality exacerbate the practice, with girls from poor households more likely to marry early.

2.2 Challenges of Early Marriage

Early marriage negatively impacts girls’ health, education, and economic opportunities. It increases the risk of domestic violence, early childbirth, and maternal mortality. Girls married early are also more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS.

2.3 Strategies to Prevent Early Marriage

Interventions include legal reforms, education programs, and economic empowerment initiatives. Keeping girls in school and providing life skills training have proven effective in delaying marriage. Advocacy networks and community-based programs also play a crucial role in addressing the issue.