CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 CONCLUSIONS

In this study, fatty acid composition, physicochemical properties, and heavy metal concentration of sunflower, sesame, and peanut oils from West Nile sub region were evaluated using GC/MS, AOCS, and AAS techniques. From the findings of this study, the following conclusions were drawn;

The composition of fatty acids of the oils revealed the presence of high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids and also similar levels of major fatty acids like oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic acids. This signifies that the type of oil seed or location may not affect fatty acid composition. The polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratios (P/S) of all the oils analysed were greater than one, which is an indicator that the oils are of good health and beneficial for human consumption.

All the vegetable oils exhibited acceptable and desirable physicochemical qualities of edible vegetable oil. Although sesame and peanut oil contain more unsaturated fatty acids, the oils showed a remarkable stability to oxidation. The low acid values and peroxide values of the oils are indicators of the ability of oils to resist hydrolytic and oxidative rancidity and remain fresh with long shelf life.

Results showed that lead Pb and Iron (Fe) content had a higher concentration of the mean values than the permissible limits set by FAO/WHO, However, it appears that the heavy metals are not potential health risks through consumption of the vegetable oils from west Nile region. Besides this heavy metal concentrations can vary from place to place.

High concentration of lead (Pb) in sunflower and sesame may cause lead (Pb) poisoning.

5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

In the light of the findings of the study and discussion the researcher has the following recommendations; –

• The High P/S ratios of sesame and sunflower oils suggest that consumption of diet rich in this oils would be more beneficial for Human health.
• Sunflower oil with high saponification value has a potential for use in soap making and cosmetic industry, this potential could be exploited by government to support large scale production of sunflower oil.
• Further research is important to determine the health risks of heavy metals with dietary intake of other frequently consumed foods such as cassava, beans, cereals and vegetables because intake of Heavy metals, will increase with dietary intake.

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